Ibibazo Bisanzwe hamwe nigisubizo cyimashini Yuzuza Amacupa

KUBONA AMAFARANGA AKURIKIRA

LEAKAGE

MACHINE NTIBITANGIRA

GUTINDA UMUSARURO Wihuta

UMWANZURO

Imashini zuzuza amacupa y'amazi ni ntangarugero mu nganda zinyuranye, zituma huzuzwa neza kandi neza ubwoko butandukanye bwamazi mumacupa yuburyo butandukanye. Izi mashini, zirimo imashini yuzuza amavuta, imashini yuzuza amazi, imashini yuzuza amavuta na mashini yuzuza isosi, fasha gukomeza gukora neza. Ariko, barashobora guhura nibibazo bishobora guhagarika ibikorwa. Iyi ngingo iraganira kubibazo bisanzwe kandi itanga ibisubizo kugirango imashini zuzuza amazi zigende neza.

KUBONA AMAFARANGA AKURIKIRA

Ikibazo

Urwego rwuzura ruratandukanye, bigatuma amacupa amwe yuzura andi atuzuzwa. Uku kudahuza kurashobora gutuma habaho guta ibicuruzwa, ibibazo byo kugenzura ubuziranenge, no kutishimira abakiriya.

Impamvu

1. Kwuzuza amakosa:

Kwambara no kurira: Igihe kirenze, kuzuza indangagaciro muri imashini yuzuza amacupa yamazi irashobora gushira cyangwa kwangirika kubera gukoresha ubudahwema. Uku kwambara no kurira birashobora gutuma valve idafunga cyangwa ngo ifungure neza, biganisha ku guhinduka murwego rwuzuye.

Gufunga bidakwiye: Ikidodo cyangiritse cyangwa cyambarwa mu mibande gishobora kuganisha ku gutemba cyangwa kugenzura neza imigezi, bikagira ingaruka ku nzego zuzuye.

Gufunga: Ibisigazwa cyangwa ibisigisigi biva mumazi yuzuye birashobora gufunga indangagaciro, bigatera umuvuduko udasanzwe no kuzuza amajwi.

2. Umuvuduko w’ikirere udahungabana:

Imihindagurikire y’umuvuduko: Umuvuduko w’ikirere udahuye urashobora guhagarika igenzura ryuzuye rikenewe kugirango wuzuze neza. Umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa muke urashobora guhindura umuvuduko amazi yatanzwe, biganisha ku kuzura cyangwa kutuzura.

Ubwiza bw’ikirere bugabanijwe: Ubushuhe cyangwa ibyanduza mu kirere cyugabanijwe birashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yibigize pneumatike, harimo na valve yuzuye.

3. Guhindagurika Urwego rwamazi muri Tank:

Urwego ruhindagurika rwamazi: Impinduka murwego rwamazi muri tank irashobora kuvamo umuvuduko utandukanye kumasoko, bikagira ingaruka kumubare w'amazi yatanzwe. Urwego rwo hasi rushobora kugabanya umuvuduko, bigatera kutuzura, mugihe urwego rwo hejuru rushobora kongera umuvuduko, bigatera kuzura.

Kwuzuzanya kudahuye: Niba ikigega kitujujwe neza cyangwa neza, urwego rwamazi rushobora guhinduka, biganisha ku kuzuza kwinshi.

Ibisubizo

1. Reba kandi Ukomeze Kuzuza Indangagaciro:

Ubugenzuzi busanzwe: Shyira mubikorwa gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura kugirango umenye imiterere yuzuye. Shakisha ibimenyetso byo kwambara, kwangirika, cyangwa gufunga.

Simbuza ibice byambaye: Simbuza kashe iyo ari yo yose yambarwa cyangwa yangiritse nibindi bikoresho kugirango umenye neza ko valve ikora neza. Kugumana ibice byabigenewe birashobora kugabanya igihe cyo gutaha.

Isuku ya Valve: Buri gihe usukure imyanda yuzuye kugirango ukureho imyanda yose cyangwa ibisigara bishobora gutera gufunga cyangwa gutemba bidakwiye.

2. Guhagarika umuvuduko wikirere:

Koresha Igenzura ryumuvuduko: Shyiramo igitutu kugirango ukomeze umuvuduko wumwuka. Hindura umugenzuzi nkuko bikenewe kugirango urebe ko iguma murwego rwiza rwa mashini yawe yuzuza.

Kurikirana itangwa ryikirere: Buri gihe ugenzure itangwa ryumwuka uhumanye kugirango ube wanduye nibihumanya. Koresha ibyuma byumuyaga hamwe nayunguruzo kugirango ubungabunge ubwiza bwumwuka.

Isoko rihoraho: Menya neza ko sisitemu yo gutanga ikirere ishoboye gutanga umuvuduko uhamye kandi uhoraho, wirinda impinga nigitonyanga.

3. Kugenzura urwego rwamazi:

Shyira mu bikorwa urwego rwo kugenzura urwego: Koresha sisitemu yo kugenzura urwego rwikora kugirango ugumane urwego ruhoraho rwamazi muri tank. Sensors n'abagenzuzi barashobora guhindura urujya n'uruza kugirango urwego rugabanuke.

Kwuzuzanya guhoraho: Tegura protocole yo kuzuza buri gihe ikigega kugirango wirinde ihindagurika rikomeye murwego rwamazi. Menya neza ko inzira yo kuzuza ikorwa niba bishoboka.

Gukurikirana Urwego rwa Tank: Buri gihe ukurikirane urwego rwa tank cyangwa intoki kugirango umenye neza ko zihamye. Hindura ibyinjira nibisohoka nkuko bikenewe kugirango ukomeze guhuzagurika.

LEAKAGE

Ikibazo

Amazi atemba mugihe cyangwa nyuma yo kuzura. Kumeneka birashobora gutuma ibicuruzwa bitakaza, byanduye, hamwe n’imikorere idahwitse, hamwe n’umutekano ushobora guhungabanya umutekano.

Impamvu

1. Amazu yatakaye cyangwa yangiritse hamwe nibikoresho:

Kwambara no kurira: Igihe kirenze, ama shitingi hamwe nibikoresho birashobora gushira cyangwa kwangirika bitewe no guhora ukoresha, biganisha kumeneka, kumeneka, cyangwa guhuza.

Kwishyiriraho bidakwiye: Niba ama shitingi hamwe nibikoresho bidashyizwe neza mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, birashobora kugabanuka mugihe, bikavamo kumeneka.

Kubangikanya ibikoresho: Gukoresha ama shitingi hamwe nibikoresho bidahuye nubwoko bwamazi yuzuye birashobora gutera kwangirika no gutemba.

2. Kashe zishaje:

Gusaza no gutesha agaciro: Ikidodo kirashobora kwangirika mugihe bitewe no guhora uhura namazi, umuvuduko, nihindagurika ryubushyuhe. Uku gutesha agaciro kurashobora gukurura icyuho no kumeneka.

Kwangirika kwimiti: Amazi amwe arashobora kwangirika no gutesha agaciro kashe vuba, cyane cyane iyo kashe idakozwe mubikoresho birwanya.

Gufata neza: Kubura no kugenzura buri gihe birashobora gutuma kashe zishira zitamenyekanye, biganisha kumeneka.

3. Kudakora neza kuzuza indangagaciro:

Kwambara no kurira bya Valve: Kuzuza indangagaciro zirashobora kwambarwa cyangwa kwangirika kubera gukoreshwa kenshi, bigatuma bakora nabi kandi bitemba.

Gufunga bidakwiye: Ikidodo cyangiritse cyangwa cyambarwa muri valve yuzuye gishobora kuvamo kumeneka mugihe cyo kuzuza.

Gufunga no guhagarika: Imyanda cyangwa ibisigara birashobora gufunga indangagaciro, bikabuza gufunga neza kandi bigatera kumeneka.

Ibisubizo

1. Kugenzura Amazu n'ibikoresho:

Ubugenzuzi busanzwe: Shyira mubikorwa gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura kugirango umenye imiterere ya hose hamwe nibikoresho. Shakisha ibimenyetso byo kwambara, gucamo, cyangwa guhuza.

Kwihuza Kwihuza: Buri gihe komeza ibikoresho byose bidahwitse kugirango umenye neza umutekano. Koresha ibikoresho nubuhanga bukwiye kugirango wirinde gukabya gukabije, bishobora guteza ibyangiritse.

Simbuza ibice byangiritse: Simbuza ama shitingi cyangwa ibikoresho byose byerekana ibimenyetso byangiritse cyangwa kwambara. Menya neza ko ibice bisimburwa bihuye n’amazi yuzuye kandi bikozwe mubikoresho biramba.

2. Simbuza kashe:

Kugenzura Ibihe: Kugenzura buri gihe uko kashe imeze, ushakisha ibimenyetso byerekana ko wambaye, uduce, cyangwa gutesha agaciro. Witondere bidasanzwe kashe ahantu hahangayitse cyane.

Koresha ibikoresho bihuye: Menya neza ko kashe ikozwe mubikoresho bihuye n'amazi yuzuye. Kubintu byangirika, koresha kashe ikozwe mubikoresho birwanya nka Viton cyangwa PTFE.

Gusimbuza bisanzwe: Shiraho gahunda yo kubungabunga gusimbuza kashe mugihe gisanzwe, nubwo batagaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragara byo kwambara. Ubu buryo bufatika bufasha kwirinda gutungurwa gutunguranye.

3. Gusana cyangwa gusimbuza ibyuzuye byuzuye:

Gufata neza inzira: Kora ibikorwa bisanzwe muburyo bwo kuzuza indangagaciro, harimo gusukura no kugenzura uko wambaye. Witondere imiterere yikidodo cyimbere nibice byimuka.

Isuku ya Valve: Buri gihe usukure ibyuzuye byuzuye kugirango ukureho imyanda yose cyangwa ibisigara bishobora gutera gufunga cyangwa guhagarara. Koresha ibikoresho byogusukura bidakwiye kwangiza ibikoresho bya valve.

Simbuza ibice byambarwa: Simbuza ibice byose byambarwa cyangwa byangiritse muri valve yuzuye. Gumana ibice byabigenewe kugirango ugabanye igihe.

Menya neza imikorere ikora: Gerageza indangagaciro zuzuza buri gihe kugirango urebe ko zikora neza. Niba valve idakora neza kandi ntishobora gusanwa, iyisimbuze vuba kugirango wirinde kumeneka.

MACHINE NTIBITANGIRA

Ikibazo

Imashini ntabwo itangira iyo buto ya power ikanda. Iki kibazo kirashobora guhagarika umusaruro, gitera gutinda no kugabanya imikorere muri rusange. Kumenya no gukemura imizi ibitera vuba ni ngombwa kugirango ukomeze ibikorwa bisanzwe.

Impamvu

1. Ibibazo byo gutanga amashanyarazi:

Imbaraga zahagaritswe Inkomoko: Imashini ntishobora guhuzwa nisoko ryingufu, cyangwa ihuriro rishobora kuba ryoroshye.

Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wangiritse: insinga z'amashanyarazi zirashobora kwangirika kubera kwambara no kurira, biganisha ku nsinga zacitse cyangwa guhuza kugaragara.

Fuse Fuse cyangwa Tripped Breakers: Kwiyongera kwamashanyarazi cyangwa kurenza urugero birashobora gutera fuse guhuha cyangwa ibyuma byumuzunguruko bigenda, bigabanya amashanyarazi kumashini.

2. Guhagarika Buto Byihutirwa Byihuse:

Gukora byihutirwa byihutirwa: Akabuto ko guhagarika byihutirwa karashobora gukoreshwa, guhagarika amashanyarazi kumashini nkigipimo cyumutekano.

Uburyo bwihutirwa bwo guhagarika ibintu: Niba uburyo bwo guhagarika byihutirwa bidakora neza, burashobora gukomeza gusezerana nubwo kugerageza kugerageza.

3. Sisitemu yo kugenzura amakosa:

Ibibazo bya PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) Ibibazo: PLC, igenzura imikorere yimashini, irashobora kuba ifite amakosa cyangwa yangiritse software.

Kunanirwa kwa Sensor: Ibyuma bikoresha nabi birashobora kohereza ibimenyetso bitari byo muri sisitemu yo kugenzura, bikabuza imashini gutangira.

Gukoresha no Kwihuza: Intsinga irekuye cyangwa yangiritse hamwe nu murongo mubi muri sisitemu yo kugenzura birashobora guhagarika itumanaho n’ingufu.

Ibisubizo

1. Reba Amashanyarazi:

Menya neza ko uhuza neza: Menya neza ko imashini ihujwe neza n'inkomoko y'amashanyarazi. Reba amashanyarazi yose hamwe na socket kugirango umenye neza.

Kugenzura insinga z'amashanyarazi: Suzuma insinga z'amashanyarazi kubimenyetso byangiritse nko gukata, gucika, cyangwa insinga zagaragaye. Simbuza insinga zose zangiritse ako kanya.

Reba Fus na Breakers: Kugenzura imashanyarazi yimashini kumashanyarazi cyangwa ibyuma bimeneka. Simbuza fuse hanyuma usubize kumena nkuko bikenewe. Niba fuse ihuha cyangwa yamenetse inshuro nyinshi, shakisha kubibazo byamashanyarazi.

2. Kugarura Byihutirwa Guhagarika Buto:

Kugenzura Imiterere Yihutirwa: Reba niba buto yo guhagarika byihutirwa. Niba aribyo, kuzunguruka cyangwa gukurura buto kugirango uyisubiremo ukurikije igishushanyo cyimashini.

Gerageza Mechanism: Nyuma yo gusubiramo, menya ko imashini itangiye. Niba buto yo guhagarika byihutirwa ifite amakosa, irashobora gusaba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa. Gerageza imikorere yo guhagarika byihutirwa buri gihe kugirango urebe ko ikora neza.

3. Kugenzura Sisitemu yo Kugenzura:

Ikizamini cyumwuga: Saba umutekinisiye wabigize umwuga agenzura sisitemu yo kugenzura, harimo na PLC, ku makosa cyangwa amakosa. Abatekinisiye barashobora gukora ibizamini byo gusuzuma kugirango bamenye ibibazo hamwe na software igenzura cyangwa ibyuma.

Kugenzura Sensor: Menya neza ko sensor zose zikora neza. Simbuza ibyuma byose bikora nabi hanyuma urebe ko byahinduwe neza kandi bihujwe.

Gukoresha no Guhuza: Kugenzura insinga zose hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura. Menya neza ko amasano yose afite umutekano kandi ko nta kimenyetso cyo kwambara cyangwa kwangirika. Simbuza insinga zose zangiritse kandi ushimangire imiyoboro irekuye.

GUTINDA UMUSARURO Wihuta

Ikibazo

Imashini ikora gahoro kurenza uko byari byitezwe, igabanya umusaruro muri rusange. Iki kibazo kirashobora guhindura cyane gahunda yumusaruro, kongera ibiciro, no kugabanya umusaruro.

Impamvu

1. Ibibazo hamwe na sisitemu yo gutwara:

Imikandara yambarwa cyangwa irekuye: Umukandara n'iminyururu birashobora gushira cyangwa gutakaza impagarara mugihe, bikavamo kunyerera no kugabanya imikorere.

Kudahuza: Ibice bya disiki bidahwitse birashobora gutera guterana no kugabanya umuvuduko imashini ikora.

Ibikoresho byangiritse cyangwa Pulleys: Ibyuma cyangwa pulle muri sisitemu yo gutwara birashobora kwangirika cyangwa kwambara, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya mashini.

2.Isiga ridahagije:

Kwiyongera kwinshi: Kubura amavuta birashobora gutera ubushyamirane hagati yibice byimuka, gutinda imashini no gutera kwambara.

Ubushyuhe bukabije: Gusiga amavuta adahagije birashobora gutuma ubushyuhe bukabije bwibigize, bikagabanya imikorere kandi bishobora guteza ibyangiritse.

Kwambara no kurira: Gusiga amavuta ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde kwambara no kurira ku bice byimuka. Bitabaye ibyo, ibice birashobora kwangirika vuba, bigira ingaruka kumuvuduko wimashini.

3. Ibibazo bya moteri:

Ibibazo by'amashanyarazi: Ibibazo bijyanye n'amashanyarazi ya moteri, nk'imihindagurikire ya voltage cyangwa insinga zitari zo, birashobora kugabanya imikorere yayo.

Kwambara Imashini: Moteri ubwayo irashobora kurwara no kurira mugihe, bikagabanya ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora mubushobozi bwuzuye.

Ubushyuhe bukabije: Moteri irashobora gushyuha iyo ikozwe cyane cyangwa idakorewe neza, biganisha ku gukora buhoro.

Ibisubizo

1. Kugenzura Sisitemu yo gutwara:

Igenzura risanzwe: Shyira mubikorwa gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura kugirango umenye imikandara, iminyururu, ibikoresho, na pulleys. Shakisha ibimenyetso byo kwambara, kudahuza, cyangwa kwangirika.

Guhindura impagarara: Menya neza ko imikandara n'iminyururu ihagaritswe neza ukurikije ibyo uwabikoze akora. Koresha ibikoresho bikwiye kugirango uhindure impagarara kandi wirinde kunyerera.

Simbuza ibice byambarwa: Simbuza ibice byose byashaje cyangwa byangiritse kugirango ukomeze imikorere yimashini nziza. Gumana ibice byabigenewe kugirango ugabanye igihe.

2. Gusiga amavuta yimuka:

Kurikiza ibyifuzo byabashinzwe gukora: Kurikiza gahunda yo gusiga amavuta yatanzwe nuwakoze imashini. Koresha ubwoko bwasabwe nubunini bwamavuta kugirango umenye imikorere myiza.

Ingingo zo gusiga: Menya ingingo zose zisiga amavuta kuri mashini kandi urebe ko zakira amavuta ahagije. Ibi birimo ibyuma, ibikoresho, iminyururu, nibindi bice byimuka.

Gufata neza buri gihe: Kora ibisanzwe kugirango ugenzure amavuta kandi wuzuze nkuko bikenewe. Gusiga amavuta neza bigabanya guterana amagambo, birinda ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi byongera ubuzima bwibigize.

3. Reba moteri:

Kugenzura amashanyarazi: Menya neza ko moteri yakira voltage ikwiye kandi ko amashanyarazi yose afite umutekano kandi nta byangiritse. Koresha multimeter kugirango urebe niba voltage ihoraho.

Kugenzura imashini: Kugenzura moteri ibimenyetso byerekana ko wambaye imashini, nk'urusaku rudasanzwe, kunyeganyega, cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Simbuza ibice byose byambarwa cyangwa byangiritse.

Serivise Yumwuga: Niba moteri yerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ko byangiritse cyangwa byangiritse, tekereza kubikora cyangwa gusimburwa numutekinisiye wabigize umwuga. Serivise isanzwe irashobora gufasha kubungabunga imikorere ya moteri no gukumira impanuka zitunguranye.

UMWANZURO

Imashini zuzuza amacupa y’amazi, harimo imashini zuzuza amavuta, imashini zuzuza amazi, imashini zuzuza amavuta, imashini nto zuzuza amazi, n’imashini zuzuza isosi, ni ingenzi mu nganda nyinshi. Basaba kubungabunga buri gihe no gukemura ibibazo kugirango bikore neza. Mugusobanukirwa ibibazo rusange nibisubizo byabyo, urashobora kugabanya igihe cyateganijwe kandi ugakomeza umusaruro mwinshi. Kugenzura buri gihe, gusana ku gihe, no kubahiriza gahunda yo kubungabunga bizatuma uramba kandi wizewe ibikoresho byawe byuzuye. Niba uhuye nibibazo bikomeje, kugisha inama abatekinisiye babigize umwuga birasabwa kwemeza ko imashini zawe zikora neza.